Estrangeirismos - Parte I

Estrangeirismos na Língua Inglesa

Aqui estão mais alguns estrangeirismos usados em língua inglesa.

Do francês

1. a la carte – se refere a cada item em separado num menu. The salad doesn´t come with your dinner but you can order it a la carte.

2. ambiance – ambiente, atmosfera. a romantic ambiance

3. apropos – apropriado, adequado. His remarks about the recent changes in politics were apropos.

4. attaché – um diplomata. He was sent as an attaché to three different countries this year.

5. avant-garde – novo e original. His music was considered avant-garde at the time, but now it sounds rather conservative and boring.

6. bourgeois – de classe média e materialista. Andy´s parents are so bourgeouis. All they talk about is the trips they´re going to take.

7. carte blanche – permissão para fazer o que quiser. My mom gave me carte blanche to use her car whenever I felt like it.

8. chateau – castelo. His new house looks more like a chateau than a house.

9. collage – um quadro feito com colagens de fotos, objetos, etc. The artist created her portrait in a collage using pieces of newspapers and tin cans.

10. concierge – funcionário de um hotel que é responsável por serviços especiais aos hóspedes. Call the concierge and ask him to get you two tickets for the opera tonight.

Do alemão

1. ersatz – imitação, artificial. I hate buying cakes from supermarkets because they always use ersatz ingredients.

2. Gesundheit! – Saúde! (usado quando alguém espirra)

3. (to go) kaput – quebrar ou enguiçar. His new CD player went kaput.

4. verboten – proibido. Smoking is verboten here.

5. wunderkind – prodígio. He´s a wunderkind, he finished college at 17 and had his own successful online business at 19.

Do italiano

1. a cappella – sem acompanhamento musical. She sang a cappella at the concert.

2. caffe latte – café com leite. I prefer caffe latte to regular American coffee because it´s a little weaker.

3. vendetta – vingança (entre famílias). The Romanis killed the Portutti´s daughter as a vendetta.

4. virtuoso – (alguém) extramente habilidoso. Susan is a virtuoso as a pianist. She was accepted to the best music academy of the country at only 11!

Do latim

1. ad infinitum – eternamente. He can talk ad infinitum about his children.

2. ad lib – improvisar. I had to ad lib my speech because I didn´t have time to prepare it.

3. alma mater – faculdade ou universidade que já se freqüentou. My son will probably study at my alma mater.

4. alter ego – 1. um substituto perfeito; 2. um outro aspecto de alguém; 3. um amigo inseparável. 1. My brother knows me so well that when I go out of town he acts as my alter ego at work. /2. If Harry has been nasty to you, it´s his alter ego talking. He´s always so kind.

5. alumnus (pl. alumni) – formandos de um curso. Every ten years the alumni of my school get together for a reunion.

6. bona fide – 1. em boa fé; 2. autêntico. 1.They have me a bona fide assurance that they would buy my house so that´s why I didn´t sell it to anyone else. / 2. At the art gallery they told me I have a bona fide Diego Rivera painting.

7. cum laude – com honras. Henry was always an excellent student and graduated cum laude.

8. e.g. – por exemplo (exempli gratia). Jack has so many good Brazilian authors in his library, e.g. Machado de Assis, Eça de Queiroz, and Cecília Meirelles.

9. i.e. – isto é, ou seja. He´s only interested in socializing with people that share the same interests as his, i.e. people interested in guns.

10. status quo – a situação atual das coisas. I suppose it´s better to maintain the status quo and wait before making any changes.

Do iídiche

1. bagel – tipo de pão em forma de anel.

2. nosh – lanche, comida rápida. I´ve got to have a nosh or I won´t survive until dinner.

3. Oy! – exclamação de surpresa, medo, tristeza ou outros sentimentos negativos. Oy, did that wine give me one heck of a headache!

4. shlep – 1. carregar algo pesado; 2. levar muito tempo para fazer algo. 3. pessoa desleixada. 1. Don´t shlep those heavy boxes alone, you´ll end up hurting yourself. 2. Quit shlepping like an old man or we´ll never make it to the movies on time! 3. Mary used to be so elegant, but lately she´s become such a shlep.

5. shlock – mercadoria ruim, com defeito. I´ll never buy clothes in that store again, all they sell is shlock.

6. schmaltzy – extremamente sentimental. She gets all sentimental when he gives her those shmaltzy cards.

7. tchotchke – objeto barato, pequeno, sem importância. My bedroom is full of tchotchkes, I have to get rid of all of them.

*Na série The Nanny (Canal Sony), a personagem principal, vivida por Fran Drescher e sua mãe utilizam muitos termos de origem iídiche.